Multiuser Lattice Coding for the Multiple-Access Relay Channel

Abstract

This paper considers the multiantenna multiple-access relay channel (MARC), in which multiple users transmit messages to a common destination with the assistance of a relay. In a variety of MARC settings, the dynamic decode-and-forward (DDF) protocol is very useful due to its outstanding rate performance. However, the lack of good structured codebooks so far hinders practical applications of DDF for MARC. In this work, two classes of structured MARC codes are proposed: 1) one-to-one relay-mapper-aided multiuser lattice coding (O-MLC); and 2) modulo-sum relay-mapper-aided multiuser lattice coding (MS-MLC). The former enjoys better rate performance, whereas the latter provides more flexibility to tradeoff between the complexity of the relay mapper and the rate performance. It is shown that, in order to approach the rate performance achievable by an unstructured codebook with maximum-likelihood decoding, it is crucial to use a new K-stage coset decoder for structured O-MLC instead of the one-stage decoder proposed in previous works. However, if O-MLC is decoded with the one-stage decoder only, it can still achieve the optimal DDF diversity-multiplexing gain tradeoff in the high signal-to-noise ratio regime. As for MS-MLC, its rate performance can approach that of the O-MLC by increasing the complexity of the modulo-sum relay-mapper. Finally, for practical implementations of both O-MLC and MS-MLC, practical short-length lattice codes with linear mappers are designed, which facilitate efficient lattice decoding. Simulation results show that the proposed coding schemes outperform existing schemes in terms of outage probabilities in a variety of channel settings, especially when the users-to-relay links are better than the other channel links.