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SHARP: Shielding-Aware Robust Planning for Safe and Efficient Human-Robot Interaction

Author(s): Hu, Haimin; Nakamura, Kensuke; Fisac, Jaime F

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dc.contributor.authorHu, Haimin-
dc.contributor.authorNakamura, Kensuke-
dc.contributor.authorFisac, Jaime F-
dc.date.accessioned2024-01-07T04:24:19Z-
dc.date.available2024-01-07T04:24:19Z-
dc.date.issued2022-04en_US
dc.identifier.citationHu, Haimin, Nakamura, Kensuke, Fisac, Jaime F. (2022). SHARP: Shielding-Aware Robust Planning for Safe and Efficient Human-Robot Interaction. IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters, 7 (5591 - 5598. doi:10.1109/LRA.2022.3155229en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://arks.princeton.edu/ark:/88435/pr1s756k29-
dc.description.abstractJointly achieving safety and efficiency in human-robot interaction settings is a challenging problem, as the robot’s planning objectives may be at odds with the human’s own intent and expectations. Recent approaches ensure safe robot operation in uncertain environments through a supervisory control scheme, sometimes called “shielding,” which overrides the robot’s nominal plan with a safety fallback strategy when a safety-critical event is imminent. These reactive “last-resort” strategies (typically in the form of aggressive emergency maneuvers) focus on preserving safety without efficiency considerations; when the nominal planner is unaware of possible safety overrides, shielding can be activated more frequently than necessary, leading to degraded performance. In this letter, we propose a new shielding-based planning approach that allows the robot to plan efficiently by explicitly accounting for possible future shielding events. Leveraging recent work on Bayesian human motion prediction, the resulting robot policy proactively balances nominal performance with the risk of high-cost emergency maneuvers triggered by low-probability human behaviors. We formalize Shielding-Aware Robust Planning (SHARP) as a stochastic optimal control problem and propose a computationally efficient framework for finding tractable approximate solutions at runtime. Our method outperforms the shielding-agnostic motion planning baseline (equipped with the same human intent inference scheme) on simulated driving examples with human trajectories taken from the recently released Waymo Open Motion Dataset.en_US
dc.format.extent5591 - 5598en_US
dc.language.isoen_USen_US
dc.relation.ispartofIEEE Robotics and Automation Lettersen_US
dc.rightsAuthor's manuscripten_US
dc.titleSHARP: Shielding-Aware Robust Planning for Safe and Efficient Human-Robot Interactionen_US
dc.typeJournal Articleen_US
dc.identifier.doidoi:10.1109/LRA.2022.3155229-
pu.type.symplectichttp://www.symplectic.co.uk/publications/atom-terms/1.0/journal-articleen_US

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