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The Role of Nanoparticle Design in Determining Analytical Performance of Lateral Flow Immunoassays

Author(s): Zhan, Li; Guo, Shuang-Zhuang; Song, Fayi; Gong, Yan; Xu, Feng; et al

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Abstract: Rapid, simple, and cost-effective diagnostics are needed to improve healthcare at the point of care (POC). However, the most widely used POC diagnostic, the lateral flow immunoassay (LFA), is ∼1000-times less sensitive and has a smaller analytical range than laboratory tests, requiring a confirmatory test to establish truly negative results. Here, a rational and systematic strategy is used to design the LFA contrast label (i.e., gold nanoparticles) to improve the analytical sensitivity, analytical detection range, and antigen quantification of LFAs. Specifically, we discovered that the size (30, 60, or 100 nm) of the gold nanoparticles is a main contributor to the LFA analytical performance through both the degree of receptor interaction and the ultimate visual or thermal contrast signals. Using the optimal LFA design, we demonstrated the ability to improve the analytical sensitivity by 256-fold and expand the analytical detection range from 3 log10 to 6 log10 for diagnosing patients with inflammatory conditions by measuring C-reactive protein. This work demonstrates that, with appropriate design of the contrast label, a simple and commonly used diagnostic technology can compete with more expensive state-of-the-art laboratory tests.
Publication Date: 9-Nov-2017
Citation: Zhan, Li, Shuang-zhuang Guo, Fayi Song, Yan Gong, Feng Xu, David R. Boulware, Michael C. McAlpine, Warren CW Chan, and John C. Bischof. "The role of nanoparticle design in determining analytical performance of lateral flow immunoassays." Nano Letters 17, no. 12 (2017): 7207-7212. doi: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b02302
DOI: doi:10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b02302
ISSN: 1530-6984
EISSN: 1530-6992
Pages: 7207 - 7212
Language: eng
Type of Material: Journal Article
Journal/Proceeding Title: Nano Letters
Version: Author's manuscript



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