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Spatially Offset Active Galactic Nuclei. III. Discovery of Late-stage Galaxy Mergers with the Hubble Space Telescope

Author(s): Barrows, R Scott; Comerford, Julia M; Greene, Jenny E.

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Abstract: Galaxy pairs with separations of only a few kiloparsecs represent important stages in the merger-driven growth of supermassive black holes (SMBHs). However, such mergers are difficult to identify observationally due to the correspondingly small angular scales. In Paper I. we presented a method of finding candidate kiloparsec-scale galaxy mergers that is leveraged on the selection of X-ray sources spatially offset from the centers of host galaxies. In this paper we analyze new Hubble Space Telescope (HST) WFC3 imaging for six. of these sources to search for signatures of galaxy mergers. The HST. imaging reveals that four of the six. systems are on-going galaxy mergers with separations of 1.2-6.6. kpc (offset active galactic nuclei-AGNs). The nature of the remaining two spatially offset X-ray sources is ambiguous and may be associated with super-Eddington accretion in X-ray binaries. The ability of this sample to probe small galaxy separations and minor mergers makes it uniquely suited for testing the role of galaxy mergers for AGN triggering. We find that galaxy mergers with only one AGN are predominantly minor mergers with mass ratios similar to the overall population of galaxy mergers. By comparison, galaxy mergers with two AGNs are biased toward major mergers and larger nuclear gas masses. Finally, we find that the level of SMBH accretion increases toward smaller mass ratios (major mergers). This result suggests the mass ratio effects not only the frequency of AGN triggering but also the rate of SMBH growth in mergers.
Publication Date: 20-Dec-2018
Electronic Publication Date: 20-Dec-2018
Citation: Barrows, R Scott, Comerford, Julia M, Greene, Jenny E. (2018). Spatially Offset Active Galactic Nuclei. III. Discovery of Late-stage Galaxy Mergers with the Hubble Space Telescope. ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL, 869 (10.3847/1538-4357/aaedb6
DOI: doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aaedb6
ISSN: 0004-637X
EISSN: 1538-4357
Related Item: http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-ref?querymethod=bib&simbo=on&submit=submit+bibcode&bibcode=2018ApJ...869..154B
https://ned.ipac.caltech.edu/cgi-bin/objsearch?search_type=Search&refcode=2018ApJ...869..154B
https://archive.stsci.edu/mastbibref.php?bibcode=2018ApJ...869..154B
Type of Material: Journal Article
Journal/Proceeding Title: ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
Version: Final published version. Article is made available in OAR by the publisher's permission or policy.
Notes: Links to ESA and Chandra data are available here https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018ApJ...869..154B/abstract



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