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X-RAY CONSTRAINTS ON THE LOCAL SUPERMASSIVE BLACK HOLE OCCUPATION FRACTION

Author(s): Miller, Brendan P; Gallo, Elena; Greene, Jenny E.; Kelly, Brandon C; Treu, Tommaso; et al

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dc.contributor.authorMiller, Brendan P-
dc.contributor.authorGallo, Elena-
dc.contributor.authorGreene, Jenny E.-
dc.contributor.authorKelly, Brandon C-
dc.contributor.authorTreu, Tommaso-
dc.contributor.authorWoo, Jong-Hak-
dc.contributor.authorBaldassare, Vivienne-
dc.date.accessioned2019-10-09T19:32:50Z-
dc.date.available2019-10-09T19:32:50Z-
dc.date.issued2015-01-20en_US
dc.identifier.citationMiller, Brendan P, Gallo, Elena, Greene, Jenny E, Kelly, Brandon C, Treu, Tommaso, Woo, Jong-Hak, Baldassare, Vivienne. (2015). X-RAY CONSTRAINTS ON THE LOCAL SUPERMASSIVE BLACK HOLE OCCUPATION FRACTION. ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL, 799 (10.1088/0004-637X/799/1/98en_US
dc.identifier.issn0004-637X-
dc.identifier.urihttp://arks.princeton.edu/ark:/88435/pr1qt7z-
dc.description.abstractDistinct seed formation mechanisms are imprinted upon the fraction of dwarf galaxies currently containing a central supermassive black hole. Seeding by Population III remnants is expected to produce a higher occupation fraction than is generated with direct gas collapse precursors. Chandra observations of nearby early-type galaxies can directly detect even low-level supermassive black hole activity, and the active fraction immediately provides a firm lower limit to the occupation fraction. Here, we use the volume-limited AMUSE surveys of similar to 200 optically selected early-type galaxies to characterize simultaneously, for the first time, the occupation fraction and the scaling of L-X with M-star, accounting for intrinsic scatter, measurement uncertainties, and X-ray limits. For early-type galaxies with M-star < 10(10)M(circle dot), we obtain a lower limit to the occupation fraction of >20% (at 95% confidence), but full occupation cannot be excluded. The preferred dependence of log L-X upon log M-star has a slope of similar to 0.7-0.8, consistent with the “downsizing” trend previously identified from the AMUSE data set, and a uniform Eddington efficiency is disfavored at similar to 2 sigma. We provide guidelines for the future precision with which these parameters may be refined with larger or more sensitive samples.en_US
dc.language.isoen_USen_US
dc.relationhttps://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015ApJ...799...98M/abstracten_US
dc.relation.ispartofASTROPHYSICAL JOURNALen_US
dc.rightsFinal published version. Article is made available in OAR by the publisher's permission or policy.en_US
dc.titleX-RAY CONSTRAINTS ON THE LOCAL SUPERMASSIVE BLACK HOLE OCCUPATION FRACTIONen_US
dc.typeJournal Articleen_US
dc.identifier.doidoi:10.1088/0004-637X/799/1/98-
dc.date.eissued2015-01-20en_US
dc.identifier.eissn1538-4357-
pu.type.symplectichttp://www.symplectic.co.uk/publications/atom-terms/1.0/journal-articleen_US

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