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Increasing frequency of extreme El Niño events due to greenhouse warming

Author(s): Cai, Wenju; Borlace, Simon; Lengaigne, Matthieu; van Rensch, Peter; Collins, Mat; et al

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dc.contributor.authorCai, Wenju-
dc.contributor.authorBorlace, Simon-
dc.contributor.authorLengaigne, Matthieu-
dc.contributor.authorvan Rensch, Peter-
dc.contributor.authorCollins, Mat-
dc.contributor.authorVecchi, Gabriel A-
dc.contributor.authorTimmermann, Axel-
dc.contributor.authorSantoso, Agus-
dc.contributor.authorMcphaden, Michael J-
dc.contributor.authorWu, Lixin-
dc.contributor.authorEngland, Matthew H-
dc.contributor.authorWang, Guojian-
dc.contributor.authorGuilyardi, Eric-
dc.contributor.authorJin, Fei-Fei-
dc.date.accessioned2023-12-14T17:47:36Z-
dc.date.available2023-12-14T17:47:36Z-
dc.date.issued2014-01-19en_US
dc.identifier.citationCai, Wenju, Simon Borlace, Matthieu Lengaigne, Peter Van Rensch, Mat Collins, Gabriel Vecchi, Axel Timmermann et al. "Increasing frequency of extreme El Niño events due to greenhouse warming." Nature Climate Change 4 (2014): 111-116. doi:10.1038/nclimate2100.en_US
dc.identifier.issn1758-678X-
dc.identifier.urihttps://ore.exeter.ac.uk/repository/bitstream/handle/10871/17214/Cai_etal_2013.pdf;jsessionid=5F77DBEB7EBFBCB57563DBA24DF8EC79?sequence=1-
dc.identifier.urihttp://arks.princeton.edu/ark:/88435/pr1gb1xh1m-
dc.description.abstractEl Niño events are a prominent feature of climate variability with global climatic impacts. The 1997/98 episode, often referred to as ‘the climate event of the twentieth century’1,2, and the 1982/83 extreme El Niño3, featured a pronounced eastward extension of the west Pacific warm pool and development of atmospheric convection, and hence a huge rainfall increase, in the usually cold and dry equatorial eastern Pacific. Such a massive reorganization of atmospheric convection, which we define as an extreme El Niño, severely disrupted global weather patterns, affecting ecosystems4,5, agriculture6, tropical cyclones, drought, bushfires, floods and other extreme weather events worldwide3,7,8,9. Potential future changes in such extreme El Niño occurrences could have profound socio-economic consequences. Here we present climate modelling evidence for a doubling in the occurrences in the future in response to greenhouse warming. We estimate the change by aggregating results from climate models in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phases 3 (CMIP3; ref. 10) and 5 (CMIP5; ref. 11) multi-model databases, and a perturbed physics ensemble12. The increased frequency arises from a projected surface warming over the eastern equatorial Pacific that occurs faster than in the surrounding ocean waters13,14, facilitating more occurrences of atmospheric convection in the eastern equatorial region.en_US
dc.format.extent111 - 116en_US
dc.language.isoen_USen_US
dc.relation.ispartofNature Climate Changeen_US
dc.rightsAuthor's manuscripten_US
dc.titleIncreasing frequency of extreme El Niño events due to greenhouse warmingen_US
dc.typeJournal Articleen_US
dc.identifier.doidoi:10.1038/nclimate2100-
dc.identifier.eissn1758-6798-
pu.type.symplectichttp://www.symplectic.co.uk/publications/atom-terms/1.0/journal-articleen_US

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