The EDGE-CALIFA survey: the influence of galactic rotation on the molecular depletion time across the Hubble sequence

Abstract

We present a kpc-scale analysis of the relationship between the molecular depletion time (tau(mol)(dep)) and the orbital time (tau(orb)) across the field of 39 face-on local galaxies, selected from the EDGE-CALIFA sample. We find that, on average, 5 per cent of the available molecular gas is converted into stars per orbital time, or tau(mol)(dep) similar to 20 tau(orb). The resolved relation shows a scatter of similar to 0.5 dex. The scatter is ascribable to galaxies of different morphologies that follow different tau(mol)(dep)-tau(orb) relations which decrease in steepness from early-to late types. The morphologies appear to be linked with the star formation rate surface density, the molecular depletion time, and the orbital time, but they do not correlate with the molecular gas content of the galaxies in our sample. We speculate that in our molecular gas rich, early-type galaxies, the morphological quenching (in particular the disc stabilization via shear), rather than the absence of molecular gas, is the main factor responsible for their current inefficient star formation.